| Nome |
Anno |
Predecessore |
Sviluppatore |
| /usr/bin/sh |
1996 |
ksh |
Versione standard POSIX della Korn shell |
| 1984 MUMPS |
1985 |
1977MUMPS |
- |
| 1990 MUMPS |
1990 |
1984MUMPS |
- |
| 1995 MUMPS |
1995 |
1990MUMPS |
- |
| A+ |
1988 |
APL |
Arthur Whitney |
| A-0 |
1952 |
C-10 and Short Code |
Grace Hopper |
| ABAP |
1983 |
COBOL |
SAP |
| Ada |
1983 |
Green |
Dipartimento della Difesa degli Stati Uniti |
| Ada 2005 |
2007 |
Ada 95 |
ISO |
| Ada 83 |
1983 |
Green |
CII Honeywell Bull |
| Ada 95 |
1995 |
Ada 83 |
ISO |
| ALGAE |
1951 |
- |
Edward A Voorhees e Karl Balke |
| ALGOL 58 (IAL) |
1958 |
FORTRAN, IT and Sequentielle Formelübersetzung |
ACM/GAMM |
| ALGOL 60 |
1960 |
ALGOL 58 |
- |
| ALGOL 68 (ideato) |
1968 |
ALGOL60 |
Adriaan van Wijngaarten e altri. |
| ALGOL 68 (implementato) |
1969 |
ALGOL 60 |
van Wijngaarden e altri |
| Altair BASIC per Altair 8800 |
1975 |
BASIC |
Bill Gates, Paul Allen |
| Analytical Engine order code |
1837 ca. |
- |
Charles Babbage e Ada Lovelace |
| ANS Forth |
1994 |
Forth |
Elizabeth Rather e altri |
| APEX |
2007 |
APEX |
Salesforce.com |
| APL (ideato) |
1962 |
- |
Kenneth Iverson |
| APL (implementato) |
1967 |
- |
Kenneth Iverson |
| AppleScript |
1993 |
HyperTalk |
Apple |
| ARC Assembly |
1947 |
ENIAC coding system |
Kathleen Booth |
| ARITH-MATIC |
1954 |
A-0 |
Gruppo guidato da Grace Hopper all'UNIVAC |
| AspectJ |
2001 |
Java |
Xerox PARC |
| Autocode |
1952 |
Aiken CPC |
Alick Glennie after Alan Turing |
| AWK |
1979 |
C, SNOBOL |
Aho, Weinberger, Kernighan |
| B |
1969 |
BCPL |
Ken Thompson, con il contributo di Dennis Ritchie |
| BACAIC |
1955 |
- |
M. Grems e R. Porter |
| BASIC |
1964 |
FORTRAN II, JOSS |
John Kemeney e Thomas Kurtz |
| BASIC FOUR |
1974 |
Business BASIC |
BASIC FOUR CORPORATION |
| BCPL |
1967 |
CPL |
Martin Richards |
| Birkbeck Assembler |
1950 |
ARC |
Kathleen Booth |
| Blue |
1977 |
ALGOL 68, |
Goodenough e altri di SofTech per il Dipartimento della Difesa
degli Stati Uniti |
| Boo |
2004 |
Python, C#, Ruby |
Rodrigo B. de Oliveira |
| Borland Delphi |
1995 |
Borland Pascal |
Anders Hejlsberg per Borland |
| Borland Pascal |
1992 |
Turbo Pascal OOP |
Borland |
| Bourne Shell (sh) |
1977 |
- |
Bourne |
| Brainfuck |
1993 |
- |
Urban Müller |
| Brief Code |
1949 |
ENIAC Short Code |
John Mauchly e William F. Schmitt |
| C |
1972 |
B, BCPL, ALGOL 68 |
Ritchie |
| C with classes |
1980 |
C, SIMULA 67 |
Stroustrup |
| C# |
2001 |
C, C++, Java, Visual Basic, Delphi |
Anders Hejlsberg, Microsoft, ECMA |
| C++ |
1983 |
C with Classes |
Bjarne Stroustrup per AT&T |
| C-10 |
1949 |
ENIAC Short Code |
Betty Holberton |
| Chrome |
2004 |
Object Pascal, C# |
RemObjects Software |
| Clarion |
1986 |
Pascal, Modula-2 |
Bruce Barrington |
| Clarion for Windows |
1992 |
Clarion, C |
TopSpeed |
| CLIPPER |
1984 |
dBase |
Nantucket |
| COBOL (ideato) |
1959 |
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN |
The Codasyl Committee |
| COBOL 61 (implementato) |
1960 |
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN |
The Codasyl Committee |
| ColdFusion |
1995 |
- |
Allaire |
| COMAL |
1973 |
Pascal, BASIC |
Christensen, Løfstedt |
| Combined Programming Language (CPL) |
1963 |
ALGOL60 |
Barron, Strachey e altri. |
| COMIT (ideato) |
1957 |
- |
- |
| COMIT (implementato) |
1961 |
- |
- |
| Common Lisp |
1984 |
LISP |
Guy Steele e molti altri |
| COMPOOL |
1952 |
- |
RAND/SDC |
| COMTRAN |
1957 |
FLOW-MATIC |
Bob Bemer |
| CORAL66, Versione Real Time dell'ALGOL 60 |
1966 |
ALGOL60 |
- |
| CorVision |
1986 |
INFORM |
Cortex |
| COWSEL |
1964 |
CPL, LISP |
Rod Burstall, Robin Popplestone |
| CPC Coding scheme |
1948 |
Analytical Engine order code |
Howard Aiken |
| CPL |
1963 |
ALGOL 60 |
Barron, Strachey e altri. |
| CS-4 |
1975 |
ALGOL 68, BLISS, ECL, HAL |
Brosgol per Intermetrics |
| Curl |
1996 |
Lisp, C++, Tcl/Tk, TeX, HTML |
David Kranz, Steve Ward, Chris Terman per il MIT |
| Curry notation system |
1948 |
ENIAC coding system |
Haskell Curry |
| Cω |
2006-07 |
C# |
Microsoft Research |
| D |
2000 |
C, C++, C#, Java |
Walter Bright per Digital Mars |
| dBase-IV |
1988 |
dBase-III |
- |
| Delphi |
1995 |
Borland Pascal |
Borland |
| DIBOL-8 |
1968 |
DIBOL |
DEC |
| Dylan |
1994 |
Lisp |
Diverse persone per Apple Computer |
| E |
1997 |
Joule, Original-E |
Mark S. Miller |
| ECMAScript |
1997 |
JavaScript |
ECMA TC39-TG1 |
| Editing Generator |
1952 |
SORT/MERGE |
Milly Koss |
| Eiffel |
1986 |
SIMULA 67 |
Meyer |
| ENIAC coding system |
1943-46 |
- |
John Von Neumann, John Mauchly, J. Presper Eckert, Herman
Goldstine dopo Alan Turing |
| ENIAC Short Code |
1946 |
ENIAC coding system |
Richard Clippinger, John Von Neumann dopo Alan Turing |
| Erlang |
1998 |
Prolog |
Open Source Erlang per Ericsson |
| Factor |
2003 |
Joy, FORTH, Lisp |
Slava Pestov |
| FALSE |
1993 |
Forth |
Wouter van Oortmerssen |
| FLOW-MATIC |
1955 |
A-0 |
Gruppo guidato da Grace Hopper per UNIVAC |
| FORTH (ideato) |
1968 |
- |
Chuck Moore |
| FORTH (implementato) |
1970 |
- |
Chuck Moore |
| FORTRAN "0" (ideato) |
1954-1955 |
Speedcoding |
Gruppo guidato da John W. Backus alla IBM |
| FORTRAN "I" (implementato) |
1957 |
FORTRAN 0 |
Gruppo guidato da John W. Backus alla IBM |
| Fortran 2003 |
2004 |
Fortran 95 |
- |
| FORTRAN 66 |
1966 |
FORTRAN IV |
- |
| FORTRAN 77 |
1978 |
FORTRAN IV |
- |
| Fortran 90 |
1991 |
Fortran 77 |
- |
| Fortran 95 |
1996 |
Fortran 90 |
- |
| FORTRAN II |
1958 |
FORTRAN I |
Gruppo guidato da John W. Backus alla IBM |
| FORTRAN IV |
1962 |
FORTRAN II |
- |
| Fortran77 |
1978 |
Fortran IV |
- |
| FP |
1977 |
- |
John Backus |
| Franz LISP |
1980 |
Franz LISP |
- |
| F-Script |
1997 |
Smalltalk, APL, Objective-C |
Philippe Mougin |
| Game Maker Language (GML) |
1999 |
Game Maker |
Mark Overmars |
| General Problem Solver |
1957 |
- |
Newell |
| GRASS |
1974 |
BASIC |
DeFanti |
| Green |
1979 |
ALGOL68 |
Jean Ichbiah e altri per il Dipartimento della Difesa degli
Stati Uniti |
| Groovy |
2004 |
Java |
James Strachan |
| Haskell |
1990 |
Miranda |
- |
| HQ9+ |
2001 |
- |
Cliff Biffle |
| HyperCard |
1987 |
- |
Apple |
| HyperTalk |
1987 |
- |
Apple |
| IBM RPG |
1964 |
FARGO |
IBM |
| ICON (ideato) |
1977 |
SNOBOL |
Griswold |
| ICON (implementato) |
1979 |
SNOBOL |
Griswold |
| IDL |
1977 |
Fortran |
David Stern della Research Systems Inc. |
| IITRAN |
1964 |
- |
- |
| Informix-4GL |
1986 |
- |
Informix |
| INTERCAL |
1972 |
- |
- |
| Intermediate Programming Language |
1951 |
Short Code |
Arthur Burks |
| Io |
2002 |
Self, NewtonScript |
Steve Dekorte |
| IPL (Information Processing Language) I (ideato) |
1954 |
- |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon |
| IPL II (implementato) |
1958 |
IPL I |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon |
| IPL V |
1958 |
IPL II |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon |
| ISO Pascal |
1982 |
ISO Pascal |
- |
| ISO Standard C (ISO/IEC 9899-1999 o C99) |
1999 |
ANSI C |
- |
| ISO Standard C++ (ISO/IEC 14882-1998 o C++98) |
1998 |
C++ |
- |
| ISWIM (ideato) |
1966 |
LISP |
Landin |
| IT |
1955-6 |
Laning, Zerler |
Gruppo guidato da Alan Perlis |
| J |
1990 |
APL, FP |
Iverson, R. Hui per Iverson Software |
| Java |
1995 |
C, SIMULA67 OR C++, Smalltalk, Objective-C |
James Gosling per Sun Microsystems |
| JavaScript |
1996 |
LiveScript |
Brendan Eich per Netscape |
| Join Java |
2000 |
Java |
G. Stewart von Itzstein |
| JOSS |
1960 |
ALGOL |
- |
| JOSS I |
1963 |
ALGOL 58 |
Cliff Shaw, RAND |
| JOSS II |
1966 |
JOSS I |
Chuck Baker, RAND |
| JOVIAL |
1959 |
ALGOL 58 |
Jules Schwartz per SDC |
| Joy |
2000 |
FP, Forth |
Manfred von Thun |
| K |
1993 |
APL, Lisp |
Arthur Whitney |
| Klammerausdrücke |
1951 |
Plankalkül |
Konrad Zuse |
| Korn Shell (ksh) |
1984 |
sh |
David Korn |
| LabVIEW |
1986 |
- |
National Instruments |
| Laning and Zierler system |
1954 |
- |
Laning, Zierler, Adams per il MIT Project Whirlwind |
| Lasso |
1996 |
- |
Blue World Communication |
| Linguaggio senza nome di Corrado Boehm |
1951 |
Aiken CPC system |
Corrado Boehm |
| Links |
2006 |
Haskell |
Phil Wadler per l'Università di Edinburgh |
| LIS |
1973 |
Pascal, Sue |
Ichbiah e altri per CII Honeywell Bull |
| LISP (ideato) |
1956-1958 |
IPL |
John McCarthy |
| LISP (implementato) |
1959 |
IPL |
John McCarthy |
| LiveScript |
1995 |
Self, Java |
Brendan Eich per Netscape |
| LOGO |
1968 |
LISP |
Papert |
| Lua |
1993 |
Lua |
Roberto Ierusalimschy e altri per Tecgraf, PUC-Rio |
| MAD |
1962 |
ALGOL 58 |
Arden e altri |
| MAPPER |
1968 |
CRT RPS |
Unisys |
| Mark I Autocode |
1954 |
Glennie Autocode |
Alick Glennie e Tony Brooker |
| Mark-IV |
1964 |
- |
Informatics |
| Mathematica |
1987 |
- |
Wolfram Research |
| MATH-MATIC |
1954 |
A-0 |
Gruppo guidato da Grace Hopper per UNIVAC |
| MATLAB |
1978? |
- |
Moler per l'Università del New Mexico |
| MATRIX MATH |
1954 |
- |
H. G. Kahrimanian |
| MIMIC |
1964 |
MIDAS |
H. E. Petersen e altri |
| Miranda |
1986 |
- |
David Turner per l'Università di Kent |
| ML |
1973 |
- |
Robin Milner |
| Modula |
1977 |
Pascal |
Nicklaus Wirth |
| Modula-2 |
1980 |
Modula |
Niklaus Wirth |
| Modula-3 |
1989 |
Modula-2 |
Cardeli e altri |
| MUMPS |
1967 |
FORTRAN, TELCOMP, LISP |
Massachusetts General Hospital |
| Nemerle |
2003 |
C#, ML, MetaHaskell |
Università di Wroclaw |
| NetRexx |
1996 |
REXX |
Cowlishaw |
| NewtonScript |
1993 |
Self, Dylan |
Walter Smith |
| NGL |
2003 |
J, FL, K |
Ernst Herrera Legorreta |
| Oberon |
1989 |
Pascal, Modula-2 |
Niklaus Wirth |
| Oberon-2 |
1991 |
Object Oberon |
Hanspeter Mössenböck, Wirth |
| Object Oberon |
1990 |
Oberon |
H. Mössenböck, J. Templ, R. Griesemer |
| Object Pascal |
1985 |
Pascal |
Apple Computer |
| Object REXX |
1988 |
REXX |
Simon C. Nash |
| Objective-C |
1982 |
Smalltalk, C |
Brad Cox |
| Octave |
1988 |
MATLAB |
- |
| OMNIBAC Symbolic Assembler |
1951 |
Short Code |
Charles Katz |
| PACT I |
1955 |
FORTRAN, A-2 |
SHARE |
| PARADOX |
1985 |
dBase |
Borland |
| Pascal |
1971 |
ALGOL60 |
Niklaus Wirth, Kathleen Jensen |
| Perl |
1987 |
C, sed, awk, sh |
Larry Wall |
| Perl Data Language (PDL) |
1996 |
APL, Perl |
Karl Glazebrook, Jarle Brinchmann, Tuomas Lukka, e Christian
Soeller |
| PHP |
1994 |
Perl |
Rasmus Lerdorf |
| PHP 3 |
1997 |
PHP |
PHP team |
| Pico |
1997 |
Scheme |
Free University di Brussels |
| PL/I (ideato) |
1964 |
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN |
IBM |
| PL/I (implementato) |
1969 |
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN |
IBM |
| PL/M |
1972 |
PL/I, ALGOL, XPL |
Kildall per Digital Research |
| Plankalkül (ideato) |
1943-45 |
- |
Konrad Zuse |
| POP-1 |
1968 |
COWSEL |
Burstall, Popplestone |
| POP-2 |
1970 |
POP-1 |
- |
| PostScript |
1985 |
Interpress |
Warnock |
| PPL |
1969 |
- |
Thomas A. Standish per l'Università di Harvard |
| Primo programma |
1840~ |
- |
Ada Lovelace |
| PRINT |
1955 |
- |
IBM |
| Prolog |
1972 |
2-level W-Grammar |
Alain Colmeraurer |
| PROMAL |
1986 |
C |
- |
| Python |
1991 |
ABC |
Guido van Rossum |
| Q |
1991 |
- |
- |
| QuickBASIC |
1985 |
BASIC |
Microsoft |
| R |
1996 |
S |
Robert Gentleman e Ross Ihaka |
| Ratfor |
1976 |
C, FORTRAN |
Kernighan |
| READ/PRINT |
1953 |
- |
Don Harroff, James Fishman, George Ryckman |
| REBOL |
2000 |
- |
REBOL Technologies |
| Red |
1977 |
ALGOL 68, CS-4 |
Brosgol e altri per Intermetrics per il Dipartimento della
Difesa degli Stati Uniti |
| REFAL (implementato) |
1968 |
- |
Valentin Turchin |
| Regional Assembly Language |
1951 |
EDSAC |
Maurice Wilkes |
| Revolution Transcript |
1993 |
HyperTalk |
- |
| REXX |
1979 |
PL/I, BASIC, EXEC 2 |
Cowlishaw |
| Rochester assembler |
1951 |
EDSAC |
Nat Rochester |
| RPG |
1959 |
- |
- |
| RPL |
1984 |
Forth, Lisp |
Hewlett-Packard |
| Ruby |
1993 |
Smalltalk, Perl |
Yukihiro Matsumoto |
| S |
1976 |
APL, PPL, Scheme |
John Chambers per Bell Laboratories |
| S2 |
2003 |
Perl, C++ |
Fitzpatrick, Atkins |
| Scala |
2003 |
Smalltalk, Java, Haskell, Standard ML, OCaml |
Martin Odersky |
| Scheme |
1975 |
LISP |
Gerald Jay Sussman, Guy Lewis Steele |
| Scritto da Bob Albrecht e Dennis Allison |
1975 |
Tiny Basic |
- |
| Seeber coding scheme (ideato) |
1949 |
CPC Coding scheme |
Robert Seeber |
| Seed7 |
2005 |
- |
Thomas Mertes |
| Self (ideato) |
1987 |
Smalltalk |
Sun Microsystems Inc. |
| Self (implementato) |
1993 |
Smalltalk |
Sun Microsystems Inc. |
| Sequentielle Formelübersetzung |
1955-6 |
Boehm |
Fritz Bauer e Karl Samelson |
| sh (Bourne Shell) |
1977 |
- |
Bourne |
| Short Code |
1950 |
Brief Code |
William F Schmidt, A.B. Tonik, J.R. Logan |
| SIMULA (ideato) |
1962 |
ALGOL 60 |
Ole-Johan Dahl, Kristen Nygaard e altri |
| SIMULA 67 (implementato) |
1967 |
ALGOL 60 |
Dahl, Myhrhaug, Nygaard per Norsk Regnesentral |
| SMALL |
1978 |
Algol60 |
Brownlee per l'Università dell'Auckland |
| Smalltalk-72 |
1972 |
SIMULA 67 |
Xerox PARC |
| Smalltalk-76 |
1976 |
Smalltalk-72 |
Xerox PARC |
| Smalltalk-80 |
1980 |
Smalltalk-76 |
Xerox PARC |
| SML 90 |
1990 |
SML 84 |
Milner, Tofte e Harper |
| SML 97 |
1997 |
SML 90 |
Milner, Tofte, Harper e MacQueen |
| SNOBOL |
1962 |
FORTRAN II, COMIT |
Ralph Griswold e altri. |
| SNOBOL3 |
1963 |
SNOBOL |
Ralph Griswold e altri. |
| SNOBOL4 |
1967 |
SNOBOL3 |
Ralph Griswold e altri. |
| Sort Merge Generator |
1951 |
- |
Betty Holberton |
| SPARK |
1988 |
Ada |
Bernard A. Carré |
| ANSI-COBOL |
1975 |
COBOL |
- |
| Speedcoding |
1953 |
- |
John Backus |
| SQL (Structured Query Language) |
1978 |
Ingres |
IBM |
| SQL-1 |
1987 |
- |
- |
| SQL-2 |
1992 |
SQL-1 |
- |
| SQL-87 |
1987 |
- |
- |
| SQL-92 |
1992 |
SQL-87 |
- |
| Squeak Smalltalk |
1997 |
Smalltalk-80, Self |
Alan Kay e altri per Apple Computer |
| Standard C |
1989 |
C |
ANSI X3.159-1989 (addottato dall'ISO nel 1990) |
| Standard C++ |
1998 |
C++, Standard C |
ANSI/ISO Standard C++ |
| Standard C99 |
1999 |
Standard C89/90 |
ISO/IEC 9899:1999 |
| Standard ML (Meta-Language) |
1984 |
ML |
- |
| Standard MUMPS |
1977 |
MUMPS |
- |
| Stanislaus (Notation) |
1951 |
- |
Fritz Bauer |
| Subtext |
2004 |
- |
Jonathan Edwards |
| Sue |
1971 |
Pascal, XPL |
Holt e altri per l'Università di Toronto |
| Superplan |
1951 |
Plankalkül |
Heinz Rutishauser |
| Tcl |
1988 |
Awk, Lisp |
John Ousterhout |
| TELCOMP |
1965 |
JOSS |
BBN |
| TRAC (ideato) |
1959 |
- |
Mooers |
| TRAC (implementato) |
1964 |
- |
Mooers |
| True BASIC |
1983 |
BASIC |
Kemeny, Kurtz per il Dartmouth College |
| Turbo Pascal |
1983 |
Pascal |
Anders Hejlsberg |
| Turbo Pascal OOP |
1989 |
Turbo Pascal, Object Pascal |
Hejlsberg per Borland |
| UNICODE |
1957-1958 |
MATH-MATIC |
Remington Rand per UNIVAC |
| VISICALC |
1978 |
- |
Bricklin, Frankston per VisiCorp |
| Visual Basic .NET |
2001 |
Visual Basic 6.0 |
Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 1.0 |
1991 |
QuickBASIC |
Alan Cooper per Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 2.0 |
1992 |
Visual Basic 1.0 |
Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 3.0 |
1993 |
Visual Basic 2.0 |
Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 4.0 |
1995 |
Visual Basic 3.0 |
Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 5.0 |
1997 |
Visual Basic 4.0 |
Microsoft |
| Visual Basic 6.0 |
1998 |
Visual Basic 5.0 |
Microsoft |
| Von Neumann and Goldstine graphing system (Notation) |
1946 |
ENIAC coding system |
John Von Neumann e Herman Goldstine |
| Vulcan dBase-II |
1979 |
- |
Ratliff |
| WebDev |
1999 |
Web 2.0 IDE & ALM |
PC Soft |
| Whirlwind assembler |
1951 |
EDSAC |
Charles Adams e Jack Gilmore per il MIT Project Whirlwind |
| Whitespace |
2003 |
- |
Edwin Brady, Chris Morris |
| WinDev |
1993 |
- |
PC Soft |
| WinDev Mobile |
2004 |
Mobile Development |
PC Soft |
| Windows PowerShell |
2006 |
ksh, C#, Ruby, SQL |
Microsoft |
| X11.1 ANSI Standard MUMPS |
1977 |
MUMPS |
- |
| XPL |
1967 |
PL/I |
W. M. Mckeeman e altri per l'Università della California |
| XSLT |
1999 |
DSSSL |
W3C |
| Yellow |
1977 |
ALGOL 68, |
Spitzen e altri per SRI International per il Dipartimento
della Difesa degli Stati Uniti |
| Z Shell (zsh) |
1993 |
ksh |
- |
| ZPL |
1993 |
C |
Chamberlain e altri per l'Università di Washington |